📘
Tutorial 2.1
Introduction to Cryptography and Security Services
Concepts, terminology, CIA triad, threat models, Kerckhoffs's principle, and cryptographic primitives.
Start →
🏛️
Tutorial 2.2
Classical Cryptography and Historical Systems
Caesar, Vigenère, Enigma, and the lessons learned from historical cryptanalysis.
Start →
🧮
Tutorial 2.3
Number Theory Foundations for Cryptography
Modular arithmetic, primes, Euclidean algorithm, Euler's theorem, finite fields, and discrete logarithms.
Start →
🔑
Tutorial 2.4
Symmetric Encryption Fundamentals
Confusion & diffusion, stream vs. block ciphers, Feistel networks, and SPN structures.
Start →
🔐
Tutorial 2.5
Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Triple DES
DES structure, key schedule, S‑boxes, security analysis, and Triple DES variants.
Start →
⚡
Tutorial 2.6
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
Rijndael design, GF(2⁸) arithmetic, SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns, and the key schedule.
Start →
🔄
Tutorial 2.7
Block Cipher Modes of Operation
ECB, CBC, CFB, OFB, CTR, GCM – properties, security, and use cases.
Start →
🎲
Tutorial 2.8
Random Numbers and Key Generation
Entropy, TRNG vs. CSPRNG, NIST DRBGs, key lifecycle, and the Debian OpenSSL RNG vulnerability.
Start →
🔗
Tutorial 2.9
Hash Functions and Data Integrity
Properties, SHA‑1/SHA‑2/SHA‑3, Merkle‑Damgård, sponge construction, and applications.
Start →
✍️
Tutorial 2.10
Message Authentication Codes (MACs)
HMAC, CMAC, Poly1305, authenticated encryption, and Encrypt‑then‑MAC.
Start →
🔓
Tutorial 2.11
Public‑Key Cryptography Fundamentals
Key distribution problem, key pairs, security services, and hybrid encryption.
Start →
🧩
Tutorial 2.12
RSA Cryptography
Key generation, encryption/decryption, correctness, OAEP, and signature schemes.
Start →
🤝
Tutorial 2.13
Diffie‑Hellman Key Exchange
Protocol, DLP, CDH, man‑in‑the‑middle, authentication, and perfect forward secrecy.
Start →
📐
Tutorial 2.14
Elliptic Curve Cryptography
Curve groups, ECDLP, ECDH, ECDSA, EdDSA, and standard curves (P‑256, Curve25519).
Start →
📜
Tutorial 2.15
Digital Signatures and Public Key Infrastructure
RSA signatures, DSA, ECDSA, EdDSA, X.509 certificates, PKI, CRL, and OCSP.
Start →
🌐
Tutorial 2.16
Cryptographic Protocols and Applications
TLS, SSH, IPsec, PGP/S‑MIME, WPA2/WPA3, VPNs, and hybrid encryption in practice.
Start →
🧠
Tutorial 2.17
Unit 2 Integration and Case Studies
TLS 1.3, Signal Protocol, Bitcoin, CA compromises, common pitfalls, and post‑quantum crypto.
Start →